The Phlegmatic Temperament
Understanding the Phlegmatic Temperament
Hippocrates linked the Phlegmatic with phlegm, a body fluid that is thick, slow-moving, and almost stagnant in nature. Observers often see Phlegmatics as extremely slow-paced and stubborn. To understand the true nature of the Phlegmatic temperament, a detailed analysis through the Arno Profile System (APS) is necessary.
Characteristics of Phlegmatics
Slow-Moving and Analytical
Phlegmatics go through life doing as little as possible, quietly and expending minimal energy. It is unclear whether they have very little energy or simply refuse to use what little they have. They are task-oriented, with a great capacity for work that requires precision and accuracy, yet expends minimal energy. Only sleep can regenerate a Phlegmatic in Inclusion.
Observer of Life
Phlegmatics often sit back and watch others, identifying injustices but seldom taking action themselves. They try to inspire others to act but rarely get involved personally. The Phlegmatic is the only temperament the Choleric cannot control, which frustrates the Choleric immensely. Phlegmatics are the most stable and stubborn temperament, especially regarding change. Their natural inclination towards non-involvement makes them excellent negotiators and diplomats.
Interaction Areas
The Phlegmatic temperament can be understood through three areas of human interaction: Inclusion (social interaction, surface relationships, and intellectual energies), Control (decision-making abilities, willingness to take on responsibilities, and the need for independence), and Affection (the need for love, affection, and deep personal relationships).
Strengths of the Phlegmatic
Inclusion (Mind)
- Ability to perform tedious tasks with precision
- Relates well to both tasks and people
- Calm, easygoing, and extremely efficient
- Perfectionistic and functions well in hostile social settings
- Unruffled by external pressures
Control (Will)
- Highly practical and conservative
- Excellent peace-maker and arbitrator
- Well-balanced and easygoing
- Non-demanding and calm
- Realistic in demands for love and affection
Affection (Emotion)
- Not easily ruffled by unaffectionate or hostile people
- Capable of maintaining emotional stability
- Does not exhibit exaggerated emotional outbursts
- Observes rather than participates, maintaining emotional distance
Weaknesses of the Phlegmatic
Inclusion (Mind)
- Indecisive and tends to procrastinate
- Very difficult to motivate
- Uses verbal defenses that can hurt others
- Unwilling to become involved in deep relationships
- Tendency to be an observer rather than a participant
Control (Will)
- Can be overly conservative and resistant to change
- Avoids taking on responsibilities
- Stubbornness can hinder personal growth
- Defensive against anyone trying to motivate or control them
- Rarely self-sacrificing
Affection (Emotion)
- Unemotional and inexpressive
- Requires significant effort to engage emotionally
- Uses verbal defenses to protect low energy reserves
- Avoids physical and sexual involvement
- Tends to maintain emotional distance
Living Through Strengths and Managing Weaknesses
Phlegmatics possess a unique blend of strengths that can make them effective in specific roles, particularly those requiring precision, calmness, and diplomacy. However, like all temperaments, they must learn to live through their strengths and manage their weaknesses. Understanding and embracing their God-given nature allows Phlegmatics to lead fulfilling and productive lives.
Spiritual Guidance for Phlegmatics
Viewing life through spiritual lenses can help Phlegmatics navigate their strengths and weaknesses. Trusting in God’s plan and submitting to His authority provides stability and purpose. The Bible offers guidance and hope for Phlegmatics:
- “We can make our plans, but the LORD determines our steps.” (Proverbs 16:9)
- “Humble yourselves, therefore, under the mighty hand of God so that at the proper time he may exalt you, casting all your anxieties on him, because he cares for you.” (1 Peter 5:6)
- “My son, give me your heart, and let your eyes observe my ways.” (Proverbs 23:26)
- “Whoever would save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will save it.” (Luke 9:24)
- “Trust in the Lord with all your heart, and do not lean on your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge him, and he will make straight your paths.” (Proverbs 3:5-6)
- “But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you.” (Matthew 6:33)
- “He must increase; I must decrease.” (John 3:30)
By submitting to God, Phlegmatics can harness their temperament strengths for His glory, leading a fulfilling and joyful life. The Phlegmatic temperament, when understood and embraced, can be a tremendous blessing, providing individuals with the opportunity to serve others and live out their God-given potential in meaningful ways.